atripathi

web 2.0

2008-12-11T00:11:39Z

The web 2.0 is a second-generation collaboration and sharing tools, works with the help of internet based software services. It provides tools for various office applications to entertainment mediums and the way Web 2.0 is applied in classrooms. The technology associated with web2.0 describes that users should actively contribute and use the tools with their applications to the benefit of their own purposes.

]]> Web2.0 refers to an environment filled with different opportunities to not only create content in new way but also to share information, communicate and collaborate easily with the rest of the world. According to Judy Hauser (2007), web2.0 allows students to self publish. This provides a sense of permits to the students to work with the variety of tools available to the best of their advantage.
Applications on web2.0 are increasing in faster rate. Social networking applications such as facebook, orkut, gtalk, youtube are becoming prominent to the approach of new technological growth. For example Facebook is a social site that connects people with friends and others who work, study and live around them. Facebook allows you to upload and share videos and pictures with friends and family.
Teachers can also use facebook in the classroom in a number of ways. They can establish a network for all the students to join and create a classroom network. This can create many advantages as students can collaborate and share resources and various information with each other, even teacher can even monitor the progress of students.
Another important and interesting tool of web2.0 is blogging. The term web-log is coined by Jorn Barger in 1997. (Paul Anderson, 2007). Blogging, creates opportunity to students to express their ideas online, people can view this and comment on. This web-blog consists of opinions, personal entries, links and posts similar to a journal available online. Now a day’s as many people are placing their interest in bloggers, due to its increase in use it is becoming sophisticated in technology started to incorporate videos and multimedia files on their blogs.
Within this short time, the World Wide Web has grown very rapidly. Allowing billion of users use, accesses or connect to the people through web2.0.Using this wide range of tools will greatly apply the use in the World to the best of the community.

Bibliography
Alexander, Brian. (2006) http://www.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/erm0621.pdf
Anderson, Paul,(2007). What us Web 2.0? Ideas, technologies and implication for education. Retrieved 25 October 2007 from, http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/techwatch/tsw0701b.pdf.
MacManus, Richard. (2007). E-learning 2.0: all you need to know. Retrieved 18 October 2007 from, www.readwriteweb.com/archives/e-learning_20_all_you_need_to_know.php.
Hauser, Judy. (2007). Media Specialists Can Learn Web 2.0 Tools to Make Schools More Cool, Computers in Libraries, v27 n2 p6-8, 47-48 Feb 2007.

information renaissance-Virtual Private Networks

2008-12-10T21:00:48Z

The world has changed a lot in couple of decades. Instead of just dealing with local or regional concerns, companies are now spreading across to different facilities in the world and with their fast demand of expansion; they all need an easy way to maintain fast, secure and reliable communications to their offices.
Until fairly recently many companies used leased lines from ISDN applications to OC3 fibers to accommodating Wide Area Network (WAN) technology in expanding their need of private network. However, maintaining a WAN, particularly when using leased lines is quite expensive and it adds to the price as distance between the offices increases. But now with shift in technology it is possible to provide a cost effective solution in connecting distant offices with help of virtual private network (VPN) which can remotely access the distant offices by creating VPN Tunnel.

]]> A virtual private network (VPN) tunnel provides an extension to a private network by establishing the links across the distant offices or employees through the connectivity of Internet in between. It enables VPN to send data between two computers through a shared or public internet in a manner emulating the properties of a point-to-point private link.
In point-to-point connectivity, data is communicated by wrapped it with the header, in which routing information is provided to transmit the data to the end destination. During this whole process, data is kept secured by encrypting it with strong Triple- Data Encryption Standard (3DES) or even strong (AES) Advance Encryption Standard making it more secure and unreadable throughout the transmission. At the end receiver the data is de- encrypted make it readable to the authorized person. This type of transmission provides high security and keeps it way from the reach of hackers.
As VPN technology is grown in popularity with Secure Sockets layer (SSL), it provides huge advantages
1. SSL VPN technology provides an application that does not require special VPN software on the each system because it uses web browser as a client application.
2. SSL VPN has huge security advantage, where instead of giving VPN clients access to the whole network you can restrict them to the specific applications.
3. As SSL VPN use digital certificates for their servers, providing high secure means of authentication.

For example, the company A and B are business partners and they are located distant from each other. The employee of company A visits company B to attends a meeting and connects his laptop computer to the company B intranet, the laptop will configures the company B intranet IP address. If now the employee of company A wants to connect to the company A intranet he can do so in one or two ways.
By Using the phone line the employee of company A can directly connect to the company A intranet by just dialing the remote access server to make a dial-up connection or can make a VPN connection to the company A intranet by dialing to a local internet service provider (ISP).

Benefits of VPN:
• Though the help of public network (internet) it can connect to the Remote offices or tele-workers.
• It will Keep the confidential data of the companies behind the firewall
• It will provide High-Security encryption like 3DES, AES and many others.
• It will save huge sums of money on leased lines or direct dial-up connections
• It is scalable and it can support multiple tunnels simultaneous
• Remote users can connect through VPN from anywhere in the world.

References:
1. Draytek, Virtual Private Network. http://www.draytek.co.uk/products/about_vpn.html
I gathered the information on the working of VPN and the structural diagram.

2. Microsoft TechNet. Virtual Private Network.
Overtook the idea on how VPN operates
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windows2000serv/reskit/intwork/inbe_vpn_cezx.mspx?mfr=true
3. Deb,Shinder.Jun10,2004. Article on Firewall & VPN.
Extracted the security about is SSL.
http://www.windowsecurity.com/articles/VPN-Options.

Baby Boomers

2008-12-09T16:05:28Z

The young children’s born during the period of 1947 to 1964 are known as baby boomers. After World War II, the birth rate in the US and UK has gone high and since then this population has got its name as baby boomers.1946 to 1954 was the first wave of what we called as the early baby boomer generation, and the late baby boomers born between 1955 to 1964. In part of their huge numbers, the generation born during this period has made a profound impact on society and the economy throughout all the stages of their lives. With huge population now looking to retire in coming years, many company experts look at these demographics as the potential market to invest on. The baby boomers are very different from the younger generation in term of application to technology as these demographic mostly rely on face-to-face communication. However, looking at the market and the potential large companies are coming up with new strategies to grasp the attention of baby boomers.

]]> The new market of baby boomers sells to the internet, with the invent of computer (laptops) and other wireless gadgets the market is able to target the demographic by providing them with many applications of web2.0 in service from live voice chat to blogging applications. Baby boomer are now effectively making use of this tool to do business online. They are diversifying these applications from real estate business to social networking. They sell their real estate’s on online and buy it online, there are easily able to adapt to transition in the technology and apply themselves to the change.
The market research firm NDP says that the online activities once highly popular with younger generation is now actively participated by the baby boomers too.

• 61 percent of baby boomer has visited sites (age 44 to 61) that offers streaming or downloadable video (e.g., YouTube and TV network Web sites )
• 41 percent had visited social networks sites (e.g. Linked-In, Face book, and MySpace).
• younger Web users (13- to 34-year-olds) are significantly more likely to visit social networking sites, but baby boomers who visited social networking Web sites did so an average of 8 times in comparison.
• Baby boomers who engage in activities, like social networking or video streaming, are also more likely to buy DVDs, CDs and go out to the movies.
• Baby boomers who stream video are also 15 percent more likely to their counterparts (non streaming) to buy a CD, DVD, or movie tickets.
The Wireless technology has become a part of everyday life. Remote controls allow us to surf channels of our televisions from the comfort areas. Many offices and even your local marketing areas are offering wireless access to the Internet through Wi-Fi technology. The wireless technology can provide lot of benefits the baby boomers in the field of heath care, security and communication. They can be
1. Cell phones
2. GPS (global positioning system)
3. Hearing aid technology(Bluetooth)
4. RF-ID readers.
5. Remote control operation of doors.

These technologies are helping baby boomers, providing more comfort and ease to access the various needs. The cell phones looks as potential market to attract baby boomers as they can communicate at real time and access various different use as test messaging, internet surfing and many others. For example, Jitterbug Company launched a unique mobile phone services designed to meet the needs of older users. It provides common touchstone pad with large icons and simplified features to ease the mobile-phone experience. They even provide hearing handset, which will help to have smooth communication with no interference of noise externally.
GPS (global positioning system) will also help in providing wide comfort by its application to locate the distant locations and sensing ability to locate the asked regions.
Even the wireless remote control can help the elderly baby boomers to open the doors or close the shed effortless. This technology can provide wide range of comfort to the baby boomers.
To grasp the potential market, many companies are coming up with simple product that can attract the high population of elderly people. They are investing in health care wireless services product to develop as.
1. Move and location based memory aids:
• RFID readers are used to locate personal belongings with tags identifiers.

2. Detection of early warning signs for depression or for other chronic diseases:
• The motion of residents and their daily routines are monitored by RFID-based
motion sensing and tracking device.
Early warning signs for severe depression (e.g., not taking medicine, not eating, staying
in bed for a long time)

3. Real-time wireless channels that can notifying designated people at the time of emergencies with help of the switch.

The device developed by companies to provide health services to baby boomers
.
1. GE security offers similar products called Home Assurance and Personal Emergency Response that can be used to monitor motion sensors whether seniors are engaging in their regular activities at home and provide a call button in case of emergency.

2. Wheels of Zeus, started by Apple Computer, have developed a GPS location system, which “uses lightweight SmartTags that can be attached to clothing and other items. SmartTags monitor elderly individuals, particularly those impaired by Alzheimer’s disease and who may be prone to wandering into dangerous areas.

Even the wireless remote control can help the elderly baby boomers to open the doors or close the shed effortless. This technology can provide wide range of comfort to the baby boomers.

I believe in the coming years lot of companies will invest on the market, from automobile industry to various heath care products to utilities the market potential of the baby boomers.

References:
1. Elwyn, Jenkins on April 21, 2007. Baby Boomers the key Internet marketing demographic.
http://www.techwithoutwires.com/50226711/baby_boomers_the_key_internet_marketing_demographic.php

Learn about the potential market internet market applied to baby boomers.

2. Jesse. James. Garrett, May 29, 2007,A Cell Phone for Baby Boomers.
http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/may2007/id20070529_644980.htm

Learn about the mobile industry interest in the market potential of baby boomers.

3. White House Conference on Aging. 2005. Technology and Innovation in an
Emerging Senior/Boomer Marketplace.
http://www.icdr.us/cognitive/resources/WHCOA%20White%20Paper.pdf

Information Renaissance let to Exploration

2008-12-08T22:01:03Z

Information renaissance gave birth to lot of inventions and discoveries. There were many things which were invented in the late centuries, which got their presence in the renaissance period and let to many more inventions and creations. The twelfth century was the period in which magnetic compass and many more portable devices was invented and used by the sailors to help them find their way, which was known as astrolabe. The astrolabe helped to the determine latitude of the geographical region which became a very important navigation tool. There was also the usages of map to identify the areas. These old inventions further made development in the renaissance period to provide more support and ease to the navigation. Shipbuilding also improved during the Renaissance period empowering the sailors to explore and discover.

]]> Some explorers like Prince Henry sailed across and explored the west coast of Africa. These explorations led to the new dimensions in the renaissance period leading to new businesses like trade of gold and ivory from Africa and soon after following by making slaves. Portuguese also sailors sailed all across the southern tip of Africa and reached India.
The exploration during that period became an interesting job for people and thus many people were
Christopher Columbus in 1942 made an exploration of America by moving around the world in search of India. As he was not able to find india in the east he name the land he discovered as west indies. Thus era of renaissance gave new dimensions for the people to explore and add value to the discoveries, this period encouraged lot of people to make business and create opportunities.

WiMAX

2008-12-08T10:29:15Z

Introduction of WiMAX:
WiMAX is a wireless digital data access technology relatively designs to operate at multiple bands of frequencies providing last mile broadband service to the far end end-users. With availability of one base station, it can provide access to various clients within the range of 5 to 6 miles and with a speed of 75 megabits per second it minimizing the influential usage of Wi-Fi technology in the world today. In addition, as WiMAX is use as wireless network it can provide more efficient usage of bandwidth, avoiding interference , providing great quality of service and security and high rate of date flow to far distances.
Currently WiMAX operates at two versions
1. Fixed WiMAX- Predominately used as fixed wireless access or as a broadband access in the fixed market places
2. Mobile WiMAX- deals with its nomadic wireless access providing the flexible features to the mobile market.

]]> Domain application of WiMAX in market:
WiMAX is a technology defines to provide high capacity and cost effective wireless broadband solution to various customers in diverse segments from emerging small business to the remote markets places. Now as WiMAX is in placed in some countries it is providing productivity to its deployments attracting lot of companies to invest in its potential market.
Currently there are around 40 commercial WiMAX deployments worldwide and due to its nature of application (i.e. Fixed WiMAX) it is mainly in use in the developing countries where local loop technology traditionally make sense proving its application to VoIP phones, Internet to
Intranet access and to the distance education programs. Moreover, within the developed market the main concentration is one the Mobile WiMAX technology extending its services to mobile and criminal justice and public safety.( William(1))

Measures of Success:
Turkey has experience a high measure of success by deploying WiMAX in their country, started with providing the broadband connectivity to all the educational schools and now it has widespread its sectors to other market places. As Turk telecom, largest service provider in Turkey has 95% share in broadband market it is now moving to proving mobility service to its mobile customs. (Turk Telekom (2))

WiMAX opportunity:
The critical success of Mobile WiMAX will mainly depend on the comparison between the 3G mobile technologies. As of now, the WiMAX has improved its spectral efficiency of transmitting the usable data over the given spectral bandwidth and in comparison to 3G technology it provides double the throughput. But its success will mainly depend on the time to come.
Moreover, as Intel is in support of WiMAX and looking to incorporate WiMAX technology in every laptop by the period of 2009. WiMAX has already started its development and deployment and with new companies like Intel, Sprint/Nextel coming in their venture, it is making WiMAX more productive field for the investors to invest on the capital development of the WiMAX facilities.

Current mainstream users of WiMAX:

Sprint/Nextel: In the next two years, it is investing nearly around $3 billion in mobile WiMAX technology deploying mobile WiMAX throughout the United States with hardware support of Samsung, Motorola, and Nokia.

Horizon WI-Com: is deploying WiMAX last-mile access for residential, business, and emergency communication in some parts of United States.

Urban WiMAX: it has deployed WiMAX in many parts of London providing internet access to video conferencing facility and now it is looking to rollout to the area of UK.

WiBro: a South Korean company is deploying of WiMAX throughout the entire country. Its main aim is to provide broadband connectivity in the mobile environment. (IJIS Institute(3))

Market growth:
As many countries are now started auctioning the spectrum allocation for the use of Wimax technology. It is estimated that the WiMAX market with the other wireless technologies it going to reach around £6.5 billion by 2010 in comparison to the estimation of market in 2004 which was £1.3 billion. Further, it is forecasted that the number of WiMAX subscribers are going to reach about 100 million in 2014 and the market size of WiMAX in response to the demand and supply will reach around £22 billion by 2014. (Multipulse (4))
With the investment of United States nearly about $ 30 billion in 2008 in the deployment of WiMAX and looking to builds the suitable network infrastructure, it clearly signals that WiMAX is going to take over the other technologies and is going to the new generation platform for the broadband future.

Conclusion:
Looking at the potential investment going around the world, Wi MAX looks as a rich market. Further technology wise WiMAX out plays its strength in comparison to its weakness by its feature like providing far end connectivity to the remote place and the ability to avoid interference. As broadband communication has become as important aspect, replacement of other technologies with WiMAX will provide more feasibility and cost effective solution to the demand of wireless technology.

Reference:
1. Gibson, William. The WiMAX Opportunity “The future is here. It's just not widely distributed yet”
http://www.intercai.co.uk/library/pdf/WiMax-Opportunity.pdf
2. Turk Telekom, Copyright © 2006, Intel Corporation. “WiMAX makes it Easy and Affordable to Reach New Markets”.
http://www.worddoc.biz/html/wimaxproduct.pdf
3. IJIS Institute, Emerging Technology White Paper. “WIMAX and the Future of Wireless Technology.
http://www.ijis.org/db/share/public/Library/Publications/ijis_wp_wimax_20070618.pdf
4. Multipulse, Case Study. “WiFi/ WiMax technologies, Brief introduction and Market trend”
http://www.multipulse.com/include/wifi-and-wimax-case-study.pdf

Humanism and the Renaissance

2008-12-06T14:27:56Z

Humanism and the Renaissance.com are related to an era of transition between the Middle Ages and the Modern age. During this renaissance period, the concept of humanism was developed. People became less “God Centric” than the “Human-Centered” during the period

]]> In history, the church used art as a medium to educate the illiterate. Even if the church did not commission the artists, they often used to choose biblical scenes in their work. However it was the renaissance period which changed the world form. It was the period which transformed the artist not only to use biblical scene but made them to create anything according to their will. Artists began using new techniques, such as oil painting and linear styles. This new technique brought quality of their works and as humanism became more widespread, art steadily started becoming more independent, secure and spiritual.
As many people entered into the field of art, new ideas came across and the purpose of becoming mindful of their individuality and be recognizable made them to come across with new idea like the form of human art. This made the artist to self-portrait or portrayed themselves in the background of their artwork. Steadily, art began to mirror reality more closely and personally.
As humanism spread across, artist becomes more fascinated with the human body. They started illustrated the characteristics in relation to the human structure. Sometimes it symbolizing the agony or unhappiness and some time fear or a happy mood.
In general, the artist of this period looked at the humanism in more scientific and natural manner. This admiration of the human body showed the spirit of this period. Hence, Humanism was the movement that world deeply needed it to transform the way the people thing and make thinks in prospects of human relation.
Reference:
1. Stokstad, Marilyn.2005, Art of History.

European renaissance

2008-12-04T13:02:06Z

Renaissance is the word sounds like rebirth in French and regain in Italian. These two meanings gives us the insight that renaissance gave the new dimensions to the rise of new inventions and beliefs.
The renaissance was a cultural movement which profoundly affected European life in the modern period. Though the renaissance started early from some of the Italian cities, it slowly spread across Europe nations influencing literature, philosophy, art, politics, science, religion, and many other aspects of social reforms. Renaissance is solely believed as the period of reform and creations. Many new artistic styles and the revolutions in the political structure created a change in society. Many people were gaining courage to come out and invent in something new. Even people were becoming fearless in investing in area were they feel the potential market growth. The renaissance became period of structure and reformation.
The renaissance produce great minds like Leonardo da Vinci who is known for his numerous works of art such as Mona Lisa and the Last Supper which profoundly gave a new dimensions to creative artistic approach. He is also known for his come up with an idea of helicopter and the dissection of human body, which give rise to human anatomy.
The Renaissance was a time of new awakening in Europe. It includes the loss of power by the church to the common people, creating new policies, increase in literacy and education in this exploration period.

telecom growth in India

2008-11-16T00:21:58Z

Telecommunication is a mature industry that has been globally available from many years and it is now considered as a basic need and a necessity rather than a luxury in most parts of the world. With the mobile phone revolution, telecommunication in India is emerging as a sector that is providing the most remarkable display of people-oriented development and satisfaction. With seven to eight million new phone connections being added to the network every month, India is emerging as the fastest growing telecom market in the world. Attracting not just global service providers like Britain-based Vodafone but also big handset manufacturers like Finland's Nokia that were too long ago reluctant to make an entry because of low potential of market in India.

]]> Infrastructure solutions that deliver lower cost coverage and more efficient capacity is becoming more crucial to drive up service volumes, revenues and to stay alive in the market. Placing a huge competition among established players like RELIANCE, AIRTEL, BSNL and etc to invest in rural and as well as in urban areas where still essential means of communication is not been provided at its best. Seeing the considerable importance and potential for socio-economic development in much needed areas made the telecom giants to look at the upbeat statistics about India's leadership position in areas like outsourced Information Technology services and software development to stay competitively ahead in the long run.

Twenty- five years ago - a time when telecom in India were still unknown to each other-When making or receiving a phone call was still an `event', when waiting for a `trunk' call to go through was still one of life's great adventures, when owning a phone line at home or even work was still a rare privilege. Reliance was one of the major private players under the leadership of Mr.Dhirubhai Ambani, first unveiled his vision about the power and potential of communications in India, having businesses in various sectors like energy, textile and etc,

Mr. Dhirubhai unveils a vision of transforming the lives of millions of Indians by providing the best and superior means of communication at cheaper rates. His path-breaking marketing strategy and its restructuring of its own financial resources contributed to its turnaround, with the strongest team of telecom professionals that country has ever seen made millions of Indians happy as they provided the best mobile tariffs in the world. With effective price initiatives, Reliance communication is able to provide a local call costs around Rupee 1 per minute, STD Rupee 2, and a call to the U.S.A costs less than Rs 5 per minute. But numbers of call rates alone cannot capture the full flavor of India's telecom story.
Today consumers use their phone not just to make a call or text a message, but to take pictures, shoot videos, listen to the radio, watch TV, make airline bookings, surf the net, access emails, downloads movies, songs, software’s, play games and others expanding the more diversified means of communication.
Today service-oriented infrastructures and providing better coverage capacity is becoming more important and desirable to stay active in the market. As India's telecom market has exploded, the country has moved into a new and higher economic growth orbit, attracting new firm like Vodafone into the Indian market. The Vodafone has already created a global buzz by acquisition of Hutch-Essar for $10.9 billion and cited new challenges to the established players like Reliance and many others. This Britain-based global mobile telecom giant Vodafone is the largest mobile telecommunications network company in the world by its turnover and has a market value of about £100 billion. It got its name from Voice data fone, chosen by the company to "reflect the provision of voice and data services over mobile phones. Now with its presence in India it plans for investing $2 billion within two years in the Hutch-Essar telecom venture to particularly tap the rural market and aims to sign up 100 million users in India by 2010 by building and proving the better infrastructure and improving the tele-density in the country.
The uses of a mobile today are not limited by technology but by the limitations of the human mind. With coming of new technology oriented communications like broadband, WiMAX, Mobile TV and etc it has placed of new benchmark in proving best of the technology services and connectivity in the country, attracting not only established firms but also new enterprises to invest and unveil the growth of telecom market. The communications boom in the last few years had a huge impact on the growth of the economy and as India's telecom market has exploded India has emerged as potential player in world market and has moved into a new phase of telecom exploration and development.

Bio-Electric control of Humaniod robo Arm

2008-11-15T23:08:01Z

The electromyography (EMG) Based Bio-electrical Control of a Humanoid Robo Arm is mainly about the advance in bioengineering to create increasingly sophisticated prosthetic devices for amputees and paralyzed individuals. Control of such devices necessitates real-time classification of bio-signals, e.g.electromyographic signals recorded from intact muscles. It proposes the concept of a human-robot interface as a rehabilitation aid and develops the prototype system. The prototype will be an EMG based signal processing system for interpreting human arm gestures. We show that a 4-degrees-of-freedom robotic arm can be controlled in real-time using non-invasive surface EMG signals recorded from the forearm.

]]>
The innovative features of our system include a physiologically-informed selection of forearm muscles for recording EMG signals, intelligent choice of hand gestures for easy classification, and fast, simple feature extraction from EMG signals. The attainment of these Parameters through time constructs a unique signature for each particular gesture. It presents the experimentation of Electromyography (EMG) signal recognition utilized to drive a human machine interfaces. The results carried out shows that the system can recognize four pairs of gestures with a success rate of 90-92%.

This high rate of success results helped us discover new and different means of stimulating human arm and add new initiative to the research and development around the world.

Reference :

Avichal TriPathi. 2007. Final year project on Bio-electrical control of humanoid Robo arm

Human Communication

2008-10-28T01:53:12Z

In human communication the means to connect one person to another to share proper meaning, conveys the intended message. It can be verbal, non-verbal or even telepathy but all of these have its significance in place to communicate the proper information.

]]> Verbal communication can be expressed in the form of speech or in a written language. The form of language used here is poised with words, phrases, thoughts and signals, which people use as a medium to exchange ideas with emotion and with clarity in talk. The order in which these words are spoken or phrased clearly describes the tone of a person, whether he or she was intentional or sarcastic.

While non-verbal communication expresses things in form of body language such as facial expressions, eye to eye contact, by motion of hands and sometimes through symbols and signs. Here the message is transmitted not only in the form of speech but in the form gestures and with identity to differentiate symbolic understandings. For example, there where stage plays in olden days, which did not have speech but only conveyed meaning with physical expressions, even then it tended to provided people with enough understanding to identify the true sense and the emotion placed close to the play.
Thus, human are complex in nature and always evolve around looking different methods and ways to communicate information from one person to another making people to understand and understand in a way that they can give back proper feedback.